What is Holy Quran in Islam?
What is Holy Quran in Islam?
the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a verbatim revelation from God (Allah). Its name comes from the Arabic word al Quran, meaning "the recitation".
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Beliefs about the Quran
- Divine Revelation: Muslims believe the Quran was revealed verbally in the Arabic language through the archangel Gabriel to the Prophet Muhammad, starting around the year 610 CE in Mecca and concluding with his death in 632 CE.
- Uncreated and Protected: The text of the Quran is considered uncreated, eternal, and perfectly preserved, without any alteration since its revelation. The Quran itself states, "Indeed, it is We who sent down the Quran and indeed, We will be its guardians" (Quran 15:9).
- Final Scripture: It is considered the final and most complete of God's revelations, which also included earlier scriptures revealed to other prophets like the Torah (to Moses) and the Gospel (to Jesus).
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Revelation and compilation
- Final divine message: The Quran is considered the final and most complete of God's revelations to humankind, confirming and superseding earlier scriptures like the Torah, Psalms, and Gospel.
- Revealed to Muhammad: Muslims believe the angel Gabriel revealed the Quran to the Prophet Muhammad over approximately 23 years, from 610 CE until his death in 632 CE.
- Oral and written tradition: The revelations were preserved in both oral form, memorized by Muhammad and his followers, and in written form on various materials like palm leaves and parchment.
- Standardized text: After Muhammad's death, the Quran was compiled into a single book. Later, to address dialectal differences, the third caliph, Uthman, commissioned a standardized written version (the Uthmanic codex) in the 650s, which is the version used today.
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Holy Quran Structure and content
- Organization: The Quran is divided into 114 chapters, known as surahs, which are further composed of verses, or ayats. With the exception of the first chapter, the surahs are arranged roughly by length, from longest to shortest, and are not in the order of their revelation.
- Central theme: The core message of the Quran is monotheism—the belief in one, indivisible God (Allah). It teaches about his oneness, power, and role as the ultimate creator and judge.
- Key topics: The text covers a wide range of subjects, including:
- Guidance for life: Moral and ethical principles for righteous living, social justice, and a complete code of conduct across all facets of life.
- Day of Judgment: Detailed descriptions of the Day of Resurrection, final judgment, and the afterlife.
- Stories of prophets: Narratives of prophets shared with Judaism and Christianity, including Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, emphasizing the continuity of divine revelation.
- Language and literary style: Composed in Classical Arabic, the Quran is widely regarded as the finest work of Arabic literature. Its powerful, rhythmic prose and unique style are considered inimitable and a miracle in themselves.
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Holy Quran Significance and reverence
- Source of guidance: For Muslims, the Quran is a foundational source of Islamic law (sharia), theology, and a guide for navigating the complexities of existence with wisdom and purpose.
- Utmost respect: As the literal word of God, Muslims treat the Quran with the highest degree of honor and respect. They handle it carefully, often after performing ablution, and avoid placing it in undignified locations.
- Daily life: Many Muslims incorporate the Quran into their daily lives through recitation during daily prayers (salat), memorization (hifz), and reflecting on its verses for spiritual growth and comfort.
- Preservation: The Quran explicitly promises its own preservation from corruption, a belief that millions of memorizers (huffaz) and generations of scholarship have upheld.
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